"A popular Government, without popular information, or the means of acquiring it, is but a Prologue to a Farce or a Tragedy; or perhaps both. Knowledge will forever govern ignorance: And a people who mean to be their own Governors, must arm themselves with the power which knowledge gives."
James Madison Letter to W. T. Barry, on education, August 4, 1822 (National Archives)
"A rule of law contained in the Constitution prevails over any act, policy, or practice of government inconsistent with that Constitutional rule. But who properly has the power to interpret and apply the Constitution? The text of the Constitution simply does not say."
Paulsen, Calabresi, McConnell and Bray, "The Constitution of the United States"
Thomson Reuters/Foundation Press, New York, NY; 2010, (with legal disclaimer).
It's Ours to Interpret from The Federalist Papers...
A Spy Satellite System Cold Warrior's examination of The Federalist Papers of Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay
OUR SYSTEM of GOVERNMENT and FINANCE
The second of three Goals for this Series: Learning how to process concepts and turn them into things that work: Alexander Hamilton's System of Finance worked without income tax - It was called the American System by Senator Henry Clay in 1832; the Course explains how it worked. President Woodrow Wilson and Southern Democrats destroyed the American System in 1913 reverting us to the British Colonial System we have today.
Downloadable Products are in PDF format (3 downloads of the material are allowed). See also related T.E.A.M. Courses for a team of 3 to 5 persons including a Leader that has this Course.
Part 1: The SYSTEM of GOVERNMENT and FINANCE: STRUCTURE and POWERS of GOVERNMENT, 130 Pages
Learning OBJECTIVES and GOALS of CONSTITUTION POWER Series
I. Our Constitution’s SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT and FINANCE
II. MAKING a SYSTEM of GOVERNMENT FOR and BY WE the PEOPLE
III. The SYSTEM of GOVERNMENT: STRUCTURE and POWERS
IV. OUR CONSTITUTION POWER: WAR, COMMERCE, and INDIRECT TAXES
V. INTRODUCTION: SYSTEM of FINANCE STRATEGY of ALEXANDER HAMILTON
EXHIBITS (four)
Essays 3, a series of essays on The AGENCY and TRUST of Our Constitution: How Our Constitution Was Designed to Protect the States and Us, Our Sovereignty: Principles, POWERS CONFERRED by the CONSTITUTION, REPUBLICAN PRINCIPLES of the TRUST, CONGRESSIONAL OVERREACH of Their POWERS; 77 Pages.
Part 2: The SYSTEM of FINANCE Strategy of Alexander Hamilton, 122 Pages
I. The SYSTEM of FINANCE STRATEGY, ALEXANDER HAMILTON's Federalist Papers
II. The TOP of James MADISON"S POWER PYRAMID, Alexander HAMILTON'S SYSTEM OF FINANCE (Federalist 23)
III. JAMES MADISON’S REPUBLIC and CLASSES of CONSTITUTION POWER; EXHIBIT
IV. REVENUE: Federalist Nos. 11, 12: Table, Strategy 3, Tax Definitions in 1790
V. MONEY SUPPLY: Federalist No. 30
VI. PRINCIPLES: Federalist No. 31
VII. The SYSTEM of FINANCE: Federalist Nos. 32 to 36
VIII. SUPREME COURT support for the SYSTEM of FINANCE: Federalist No. 78, 80
IX. Our SYSTEM of GOVERNMENT and FINANCE: DESTROYED in 1913, EXHIBITS
Essays 4, a series of essays on The CONSTITUTION's GUARANTEE: "The UNITED STATES shall GUARANTEE… a REPUBLICAN FORM of GOVERNMENT", REPUBLICAN PLAN, CHARACTER; Our SOVEREIGNTY, The UNION of STATES – a CONFEDERATE REPUBLIC, Republican Government GUARANTEED: Congress’ NEGATIVE Vested Powers, James MADISON’S Remedy for OVERREACH of CONGRESS’ POWERS, 69 pages.
Founders Course III explains how to get our REPUBLIC and Our MONEY back.
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About this Series: Founders and T.E.A.M. Courses are not legal courses or prepared by lawyers or those schooled in Constitutional law; they are about our Constitution's System of Government and Finance, a topic of many Federalist Papers, but not with members of Congress. The meaning of "systems" is not constrained to technology as The Federalist Papers plainly state 136 times the word is used. Sources and authorities are in the Series of Courses. The Federalist Papers permit us to construct our country's founders' and Constitutional framers' view and thinking regarding the Constitution based on the Papers' "structure or internal logic."
About The Federalist Papers: 85 Federalist essays were written in 1787/8 by Alexander Hamilton (1st Treasury Secretary and founder of the 1st Bank of the U.S.); James Madison (one of 1st U.S. Representatives from VA, 4th U.S. President, father of the Constitution); and John Jay (1st Supreme Court Chief Justice and Governor of New York). This is a course about Federalist Papers in regard to the System of Government and Finance they created; not a legal course, nor is it prepared by anyone in the legal profession. Our Country is like a giant Fortune 500 company; that experience is reflected here.
The Constitution Power Series of Courses incorporate five "system of government" themes from The Federalist Papers: 1. The "System of Finance: Revenue and Taxation to protect and prosper us; 2. Popular Sovereignty and the Federal Republic; 3.Our Agency and Trust of limited Federal enumerated Powers; The System of Government and Finance: 4. Separation of Powers by permanent Vesting Clauses and 5. Legislative Balances and Checks of the guaranteed System.
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